Introduction of Parts Of Speech
Hello, in this article you will learn the basic information about parts of speech.
Traditional grammars generally classify words into parts of speech. Every word in a sentence occupies a position and fulfills a function.
There are 8 parts of speech or word classes in the English language ,according to the function they fulfill:
noun , verb, adjective,adverb,pronoun , conjunction,preposition, and interjection.
NOUN:
A noun is used to name people,places,things or ideas.For example:Ali ,school,Lahore,bag,table,cow,sheep etc.
Ali is an honest boy.(Nouns: ALI, BOY)
Lahore is the Capital of Punjab. (Nouns: Lahore,Capital,Punjab)
I ate an ice cream and drank some juice.(Noun:ice cream,juice)
Honesty is the best policy. (Noun:Honesty,policy)
There are several kinds of noun:common noun,proper noun,collective noun,abstract noun
,compound noun,concrete noun,count noun (countable noun),uncountable noun
But the two main kinds of nouns are Common nouns and proper nouns.
PRONOUNS
Pronouns are short words we use in place of nouns.It is acting as the subject of the sentence. For example:He, She, It , They ,We, I,You,
1.Mr .Thomas is a doctor.He is my best friend.
(Pronoun:He)
2.Maria visited Fort George.She went to the fort yesterday
.(pronoun:she)
3.They gave me a nice gift.
(pronoun:they,me)
4.Mum and I watched a movie.We watched a movie.
(pronoun:we)
VERB:
A verb is used to describe an action.For example:eat,look,watch,write,play
1.Rashid went to Karachi.
.(verb:went)
2.I had done my work.
(verb: had done)
3.He is watching t.v.
(Verb:watching)
ADJECTIVE:
An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun.They are often called “describing words”
because they tell us more about nouns or pronouns.
For example:
John is a clever boy.
(adjective:clever)
She is a pretty girl.
(adjective : pretty)
Aslam is a good player.
(adjective: good )
ADVERBS:
An adverb tells us how,where or when an action is done:It is also used to add to the
meaning of an adjective,adverb ,a preposition or a conjunction.
For example:
All animals laughed loudly’.
(loudly tells us that how animals laughed)
He was standing outside.
(outside tells us where he was standing)
My father will come home soon.
(the adverb soon tells us when father will come home)
PREPOSITION:
A preposition is a word which is placed before a noun and pronoun in a sentence to
show how it is related to some other word in the sentence.
The boy sat on a chair.(preposition:on)
In this sentence(on) the preposition shows how two words chair and sat are related
- .He jumped over the wall. (preposition:over)
- My little sister hid behind the chair.(preposition:behind)
- She sent the parcel by post.(preposition:by)
CONJUNCTION:
Conjunction is a word that connects the words ,phrases and clauses .e.g.but so,and,because,after,so that,although etc.
And ,but ,so, are used to join two ideas when the two ideas are equally important.they
are called Coordinating conjunctions.
Example of coordinating conjunction:
And joins (noun phrase +noun phrase):We have tickets for the Zoo and the Museum.
But joins(sentence+sentence):She is a great swimmer but she can not run fast.
So to show a result:I went home so I did not see the end of the movie.
Although, because,after and so that are used to join two ideas when one
an idea is more important than another.They are called subordinating conjunction.
For example:
Although I try hard ,I never win a race.
She could not go for a walk because she got up late.
It is too late so that we can not go to the market today.
I went for a walk after prayer.
INTERJECTION:
Such words ,which express sudden emotion or feeling,are called interjections.e.g.Hurrah
,Alas ,Oh, Help,Hush,Hooray,Ah,etc.
Usually ,after words which express deep or sudden feeling or emotion ,we use the exclamation mark(!) instead of a full stop.
Example of interjections:
Hurrah! We have won the match.
Alas ! He is dead.
Oh! I have dropped the ball .
Help!He is drowning.
I hope this article will be helpful for the students .
